The rapid development of portable detection technologies has enabled patients with chronic respiratory diseases to receive timely diagnosis, monitoring, and treatment. Currently, the biggest challenge is optimizing testing devices to enhance functionality, efficiency, and performance, better meeting the specific needs of patients. Considering that chronic respiratory disease patients may experience breathing difficulties, we have developed a respiratory sensor focused on sensitivity in low-pressure ranges. Unlike simple airflow data, this sensor uses a magnetic-based pressure sensor to output breath pressure.

 

3D Printing Magnetic Air Pressure Sensor

This unconventional yet highly reliable approach, combined with the sensor's simple 3D printed design, offers extensive adjustability and functionality. With exceptional sensitivity, notable inhalation and exhalation distinction, and a fully reproducible, convenient design, we believe this breathing sensor will pave the way for the development of multi-modal and multi-functional respiratory sensors in the biomedical field.

 

Introduction

Respiratory diseases are among the most severe and common ailments worldwide. These diseases, often referred to as chronic respiratory diseases (CRDs), include chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), asthma, occupational lung diseases, and pulmonary hypertension. Typically, diagnosing these diseases requires specialized tools such as spirometers, which analyze lung function based on volume and flow rate. However, beyond diagnosis, another essential function of biomedical devices treating these diseases is the continuous monitoring of patients' health during their daily lives. This monitoring is often performed using simple, durable devices such as airflow or respiratory sensors. With the rapid emergence of respiratory viruses, including the recent COVID-19 pandemic, the demand for these monitoring devices is growing.

 

This work developed a 3D printed breathing sensor using a robust magnetic PHMR sensor as the primary sensing mechanism to detect and differentiate the pressure changes during inhalation and exhalation. When the breath flows in, the movement of the embedded magnets inside the PDMS membrane causes changes in the magnetic field, triggering a voltage change in the PHMR sensor. Multiple volunteers conducted repeated breathing demonstrations, showcasing the sensor's ability to measure diverse breathing patterns. In addition to normal breathing, demonstrations were also performed for breathing during exercise and meditation. To accommodate higher pressure ranges for deep breaths, the sensor was modified by adjusting the thickness of the PDMS membrane. Further modifications can expand the sensor's functionality. To validate this, an IMT device was introduced by adding additional components to the sensor body. This design of the breathing sensor offers high adaptability and modifiability, allowing for a broad range of functionalities and design applications.

 

 


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